Earth moving machine



pril 13, 1937. A c, Cox V 2,076,939

EARTH MOVING MACHINE Filed March 13, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 12.-# 1 mi i 21mm," Y Mcm @fa/wm April 13, 1937.

A. c. cox 2,076,939

EARTH MOVING MACHINE Filed March 15, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented vApr. 13, 1937 UNITED STATES 2,076,939` EARTH MOVING MACHINE Alonzo C. Cox, Cantril, Iowa, assigner to Ervin F. Behrens, Decorah, Iowa Application March 13, 1936, Serial No. 68,707

9 Claims.

My invention relates to an earth moving machine somewhat of the general nature of the socalled Fresh-O or Slip" type.

It is my object to provide an earth moving machine having a channel-shaped carrier or dirt receiving member having the form of substantially a slightly less than half a hollow cylinder with substantially disc-shaped ends and a hitch connected to the ends by a novel structure, so as to permit quick and easy operation of the carrier for loading, conveying and unloading dirt.

In this connection, itis my purpose to provide such an earth moving machine in which the channel-shaped member has two cutting edges, so that it may be adjusted to one position for pulling it forwardly for loading and transportation or may be rolled to position so that its open end is rearward, and it may then be pushed rearwardly for loading and transportation.

Another purpose is to provide such a connection between the hitch and the carrier, which I may call a double acting hinge connection, that the carrier will automatically tip to proper position for cutting and loading dirt and when loaded will automatically tilt off the cutting edge to convenient position for being pulled or pushed to a place where the load is to be discharged.

A further object is to provide suitable means for locking the container against rotation for loading or transportation while moving forward or backward, which means may be readily released for permitting the container to be rotated for the various operations to be performed.

lAnother object is to provide such an earth moving member having parts so constructed and arranged that the load of dirt may be dumped in one pile or spread out asdesired.

My device may be loaded or unloaded when traveling forward or backward and can be manipulated for leaving the dirt in a pile or for spreading it out when the load is discharged on a forward or backward movement.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of my earth handling machine, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a top or plan view of an earth moving machine embodyingv my invention.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same illustrated in position ready for scraping and loading when drawn forwardly.

Figure 3 is a vertical, sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Figure 1 of the carrier when standing idle.

Figure 4 is a vertical, sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a fragmental side elevation of part of the trip mechanism, illustrating it in a different position from that of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a vertical, sectional View taken on the line 6 6 of Figure 2. Figure 7 is a sectional view similar to that of Figure 3, showing the carrier loaded and in its position ready for being dragged forwardly.

Figure 8 is another sectional view similar to that of Figures 3 and 7, but illustrating the car- Tier in a dumping position for spreading the discharged dirt.

Figure 9 is a detail, sectional view taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 6.

Figure 10 is a side elevation of the machine in position for use as a bull-doze and Figure 11 is a diagrammatic top or plan view illustrating the earth moving machine hitched ahead of a tractor to be used as a bull dezer, though it may also be hitched behind the tractor.

In the accompanying drawings, I have used the reference numeral I0 to indicate generally what may be called the carrier or container portion of the earth moving machine comprising a channel-shaped member having substantially the form of a little less than half a hollow cylinder. At each edge of the channel is a flat blade-like portion, these blade-like portions being indicated at I I and I2, hereinafter called blades. They may be of slightly heavier material than the rest of the member I0.

At the ends of the member Ill are'fixed substantially disc-shaped end members I3, which may have the reinforcing angle irons It at their peripheries. on their inner faces. A reinforcing angle iron I5 is provided on the inside of the member I0 about midway between its ends. A partition-like member I6 is fastened midway between the ends of the member I0 to the inside thereof and to the intermediate reinforcing angle I5.

A short portion of the edge of each angle I4 is cut away as indicated at I1, adjacent the cutting edge of the blade Il. V

Fastened to the outside of each end member I3 is a stub shaft I8. On each stub shaft I8 is journaled a. plate 20, which has the vertically spaced, forwardly extending arms 2| and 22, as perhaps best illustrated in Figure 2. Each plate 20 also has the arm 23 extending upwardly above the adjacent disc-like end member I3.

I provide a yoke type hitch having the horizontally spaced arms 24 connected at their forward ends by the transverse member 25. This yoke hitch has the tongue 26 and the brace members 21. At the rear end of each arm 24, there is rigidly secured thereto on opposite sides thereof, short, upright parallel bars 28. The lower ends of the bars 28 of each arm 24 receive between them the forward end of the arm 2| o1' the adjacent plate 20 and are pivoted to the arm 2| as at 29. The upper ends of the bars 28 receive between them the arm 22. The arm 22 has a slot 3D curved on the arc of a circle, having its center at the center of the pivot 29. A pivot bolt 3| connects the upper ends of the bars 28 and extends through the slot 30.

The construction of each end of the machine is the same.

There is thus formed the double hinge structure to which I have heretofore referred.

At the upper end of each arm 23 is an L-shaped slot 32. Normally resting in the lower ends of 25 the downwardly extending arms of such L-shaped slots is a transverse shaft 33. Springs 34 tend to hold the shaft 33 at the downward limit of its movement.

On the ends of the shaft 33 are upwardly extending arms 35, from which short rods 36 extend through the slots 32, and are then bent downwardly as at 36a and secured to a collar 31 on the shaft 33. The purpose of the portion 36a is to provide bracing means. On the shaft 33 and on the rods 36 are antifriction rollers 38 at 39.

At about the middle of the shaft 33 is an arm 40 which normally extends upwardly and rear- .wardly as illustrated for instance in Figure 2.

40 Connected to the arm 4I! is a rope or other means 4I extending forwardly and intended to be extended to position to be accessible to the driver of the tractor, which pulls the earth moving machine. By pulling the arm 4Il forwardly and thus rocking the shaft 33, the rods 36 can be pulled forwardly in the upper part of the L-shaped slots 32, which forces the shaft 33 forwardly and away from the disc-shaped ends I3.

0n the disc-shaped ends I3 are secured stops 42 extending beyond the periphery of the end members as shown for instance in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 6, located a short distance ahead of the blade I2, as the earth moving machine is moved in Figure 2. These stops can be adjusted by bolts to any desired position to allow for dumping, spreading and digging in various types of soil.

Other stops 43 are fastened to the end members I3 and project beyond the periphery thereof substantially midway between the blades and I2. Other stops 44 are secured to the end members I3 and extend beyond the peripheries thereof, just ahead of the blade II, as the machine is viewed in Figure 2.

The earth moving machine indicated at A in Figure 11 may be hitched behind a tractor indicated at B in that gure by means of the tongue 26. Chains 45 may be also used if desired to facilitate turning.

t. Opera zon Figure 3 shows the earth moving machine in its normal position when at rest with the member I0 opening forwardly. 'I'he parts are so arranged that when the earth moving machine rests on the blade the shaft 33 will be spaced forwardly a short distance from the stops 42 and the pivot bolts 3| will be at the rear ends of the slots 30.

A line drawn through the pivots 3| and 29 and extended downwardly will be substantially at or just slightly ahead of the cutting edge of the blade II.

This may be called the first position of the parts.

When the machine is then pulled forwardly, the pull on the yoke and the pivot 29 will cause the plates 20 to rock slightly and the upwardly extending arms 23 will move rearwardly until the shaft 33 engages the stops 42. In this movement, the arm 22 will have moved rearwardly with relation to the upper ends of the bars 28, so that the pivot bolts 3| will be at the forward ends of the slots 30.

This may be called the second position of the parts.

Upon further forward movement of the machine and whenever the blade II meets any obstruction or begins to cut dirt, the carrier AI3 will rotate on the shafts I8 from the position shown in Figure 3 to the position shown in Figure 2, which will carry the upper arms 23 forwardly until the pivot bolts 3| are in the rear ends of the slots 30.

'I'his may be called the third position of the parts.

'I'he machine will remain in this position until it becomes loaded with dirt. These parts are so arranged that as the load of dirt passes into the member I3 and the weight is imposed thereon rearwardly of the shaft I8, the carrier I3 will rock or rotate anti-clockwise (as we view the device in Figure 2) from the position shown in Figure 2to the position shown in Figure 7.

'I'hen the parts will assume what may be called the fourth position of the parts with the shaft 33 forwardly of the stops and the bolts 3| at the front of the slots 38.

'I'his permits the blade II to tilt forwardly slightly, so that the load may be drawn over the ground with the machine riding on the rear part of the blade II.

The load of dirt is then hauled to a place where it is desired to discharge it. The Operator pulls on the flexible member 4I, pulling the arm 48 forwardly, thus forcing the rods 36 forwardly in the upper part of the slots 32, and raising the shaft 33 against the tension of the springs 34, until the shaft 33 clears the stops 42.

Thereupon the carrier will roll or rotate from the position shown in Figure 7 to the position shown in Figure 8.

It is assumed that after pulling on the flexible member 4I, the operator has released that member to permit the shaft 33 to drop back to the bottom of the slots 32 before the stops 43 reach the shaft. The stops 43 will then engage the shaft 33, as shown in Figure 8, and the load will be dumped, but the carrier will be held in position by the stops 43, so that the blade I spreads out the dirt 5II, as illustrated in Figure 8.

If the operator should desire -to dump the dirt in one place, he will hold the shaft 33 raised, so that it clears the stops 43 and the carrier will then simply roll over a complete revolution.

T'he stops u are so shaped as to permit the shaft 33 to slide over them during this movement. If the machine is stopped in the position shown in Figure 8, it may then be drawn to the position where it is to be used again for reloading, and the shaft 33 may be raised to permit the carrier to rotate to the position shown in Figure 3.

'I'here is a great advantage in arranging the parts in the manner as heretofore described, because by reason of such arrangement, the machine automatically moves to its different positions, and particularly from position No. 1 tov position No. 3 and then to position No. 4.

It will also be observed that this machine may be used as a bull-dozer". By pulling it from the position shown in Figure 2 forwardly with the shaft 33 raised to clear thestops, the carrier may be rotated until it rests on the blade I2, as shown in Figure l0. 'I'he shaft 33 will then be just rearwardly of the stops M which will cooperatey with the shaft for preventing rocking of the carrier when the machine is positioned rearwardly .for taking on a load or for pushing dirt.

The machine may be pushed rearwardly for taking on a load.

During the loading operation, the parts are in the position shown in Figure 10, and when the load is in the carrier, it will tend to rock the carrier cross-wise from the position shown in Figure 10 to position where the stops M will be forwardly of the shaft 33, and the pivot bolts 3| will be at the rearward ends of the slots 30.

Then when the operator desires to dump a load,

he simply lifts the shaft 33, whereupon the device will rock anti-clockwise, viewing it as seen in Figure 10 for dumping. In this dumping operation, the dirt may be wholly unloaded by allowing the shaft to clear the stops 4 3 or may be spread out by permitting the shaft 33 to engage the stops I3. y

It will thus be seen that I have designed an earth moving machine which is comparatively simple and inexpensive, and of very sturdy construction, and which is peculiarly adapted for automatic operation for loading.

It is also capable of a great variety of uses because of the fact that it can be loaded and unloaded while traveling forwardly or rearwardly.

It should be mentioned in this connection that 5o the machine vmay be loaded while being drawn forwardly in the manner as rst above described in explaining the operation. It may then be discharged rearwardly, if desired. By simply pushing it rearwardly, it will rock or rotate from 55 the position shown in Figure 7 anti-clockwise around to theV position shown in Figure 10. It can be pushed in this position to the place where it is desired to discharge the load, and the shaft 33 can then be raised for unloading in the man- 60 ner already described.

It will, of course, be understood that changes may be made in the details of the construction and arrangement of the various parts of my device and it is myintention to cover by my claims 65 any modifications in structure or use of mechanical equivalents, which may be reasonably included Within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1, In an earthv moving machine, a channel- 70 shaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder, having substantially disc-shaped ends, plates journaled on the ends, each having vertically spaced forwardly extending arms, a. yoke-shaped hitch having arms ex- 75 tending adjacent the ends, each hitch arm being pivoted to one end arm and having fore-and-aft limited sliding connection with the other adjacent end arm, and adjustable means for limiting the rotation of the carrier with relation to the plates and the hitch.

2. In an earth moving machine, a channelshaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge, having substantially disc-shaped ends, plates journaled on the ends, each having vertically spaced forwardly extendingarms arranged respectively above and below the journal axis, a yoke-shaped hitch having arms extending adjacent the ends, each hitch arm being pivoted to the lower end arm and having fore-and-aft limited sliding connection withthe other adjacent end arm, and adjustable means for limiting the l rotation of the carrier with relation to the plates and the hitch.

3. Inan earth moving machine, a channelshaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge, hav ing substantially disc-shaped ends, plates journaled on the ends, each having vertically spaced forwardly extending arms arranged respectively above and below the journal axis, a yoke-shaped hitch having arms extending adjacent the ends, each hitch arm being pivoted to the lower end arm and having fore-and-aft limited sliding connection with the other adacent end arm, and adjustable means for limiting the rotation of the carrier with relation to the plates and the hitch, said means comprising stops on the carrier and adjustable means carried by the plates for cooperating with the stops.

4. In an earth moving'machine, a channelshaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge, having substantially disc-shaped ends, plates journaled on the ends, each having vertically spaced forwardly extending arms arranged respectively above and below the journal axis, a yoke-shaped hitch having arms extending adjacent the ends, each hitch arm being pivoted to the lower end arm and having fore-and-aft limited sliding connection with the other adjacent end arm, and adjustable means for limiting the rotation of the carrier with relation to the plates and the hitch, said means comprising stops on the carrier and adjustable means carried by the plates for cooperating with the stops, the parts being so arranged that when the carrier is in position for loading by forward movement and the adjustable means is against the stops, and the sliding connection is in its rearward position, the line extended through the hitch arm connections at each end of the carrier will be forwardly of the cutting edge, and when the sliding connection is in its forward position such line will be rearwardly of the cutting edge.

5. In an earth moving machine, a channelshaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge, having substantially disc-shaped ends, plates journaled on the ends, each having vertically spaced forwardly extending arms arranged respectively above and below the journal axis, a yoke-shaped hitch having arms extending adjacent the ends, each hitch arm being pivoted to the lower end arm and having fore-and-aft limited sliding connection with the other adjacent end arm, and adjustable means for limiting the rotation of the carrier with relation to the plates and the hitch, said means comprising stops on the carrier and adjustable means carried by the plates for cooperating with the stops', the' parts being so arranged that when the carrier is in position for loading by forward movement and the adjustable means is against the stop, and the sliding connection is in its rearward position, the line extended through the hitch arm connections at each end of the carrier will be forwardly of the cutting edge, and when the sliding connection is in its forward position such line will be rearwardly of the cutting edge, said carrier having certain stops for cooperating with said adjustable means for loading the carrier during rearward movement.

6. In an earth moving machine, a channell5 shaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge, having substantially disc-shaped ends, plates journaled on the ends, each having vertically spaced forwardly extending arms arranged respectively above and below the journal axis, a

yoke-shaped hitch having arms extending adjacent the ends, each hitch arm being pivoted to the lower end arm and having fore-and-aft limited sliding connection with the other adjacent end arm, and adjustable means for limiting the rotation of the carrier with relation to the plates and the hitch, said means comprising stops on the carrier and adjustable means carried by the plates for cooperating with the stops, the parts being so. arranged that when the carrier is in position for loading by forward movement and the adjustable means is against the stop, and the sliding connection is in its rearward position, the lineextended through the hitch arm connections at each end of the carrier will be forwardly of the cutting edge, and when the sliding connection is in its forward position such line will be rearwardly of the cutting edge, said carrier having certain stops for cooperating with said' 40 adjustable means for stopping the rotation of the carrier in unloading, in position for spreading the material handled.

7. In an earth moving machine, a channelshaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge, and having substantially disc-shaped ends,

plates journaled on the ends, having vertically spaced forwardly extending arms arranged at each end respectively above and below the jouredge, an adjustable shaft carried by the plates at the top of the machine Ato cooperate with the stops, and to be moved to clear the stops.

8. In an earth moving machine, a channelshaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder having a cutting edge, having substantially disc-shaped ends, plates journaled on the ends, a hitch having arms extending adjacent the ends, and pivoted to the plates below and forwardly of the journal axes and having sliding connection with the plates above and forwardly of the'journal axes, and coacting adjustable means on the plates and carrier for limiting rotation of the carrier in one direction when the cutting edge is down.

9. In an earth moving machine, a channelshaped carrier substantially in the form of a portion of a hollow cylinder with closed disc-like ends, said carrier having two lengthwise blades in opposed inverted relationship to each other, a frame journaled to said ends, and cooperating means on the frame and the carrier, whereby the carrier may be held with one such blade in cutting and loading position, when the device is advanced in one direction or may be held with the other such blade in cutting the loading position when the device is' advanced in the other direction.

ALONZO C. COX. 

